1/2/2023 0 Comments Any chance of prototype 3Within the first year, infants can form prototypes of faces ( Rubenstein, Kalakanis, & Langlois, 1999 Strauss, 1979), objects ( Younger, 1990) and dot patterns ( Younger & Gotlieb, 1998).Įvidence of prototype formation comes from studies of the prototype effect-the tendency to falsely remember a prototype as previously seen despite never actually seeing it. Forming a prototype decreases memory load allowing individuals to store a single representation of experienced items. A prototype is a representation of past information that depicts the average of variations within a category. Prototype formation is a critical skill for making sense of a world with infinite categories to learn. These results provide further evidence that individuals with autism have difficulty abstracting subtle spatial information that is necessary not only for the formation of a mean prototype, but also for categorizing faces and objects. Even though the children with autism showed this difference in prototype formation, this pattern was driven primarily by the adults, because the adults with autism were approximately 4 times less likely to select the mean prototype than were the control adults. Overall, individuals in the autism group were significantly less likely to select the mean prototype face. Participants were familiarized to a series of faces depicting subtle variations in the spatial distance of facial features, and were then given a forced choice familiarity test between the mean prototype and the mode prototype. High-functioning children (age 8–13 years) and adults with autism (age 17–53 years) and matched controls were tested in a facial prototype formation task that has been used to test prototype formation abilities in typically developing infants and adults ( Strauss, 1979). The current study used a natural category, faces, to further examine prototype formation in high-functioning individuals with autism. Research suggests that individuals with autism may have a deficit in prototype formation of some objects however, results are mixed. Prototype formation is a critical skill for category learning.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |